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KMID : 0377619770320030319
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Korean Jungang Medical Journal
1977 Volume.32 No. 3 p.319 ~ p.334
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The Effect of Measles Virus Infection on Immune Response in Mouse
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Abstract
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The effect of measles virus on cell-mediated hypersensitivity and humoral immune response was examined in ICR inbred mouse. The effect of virus was studied by injecting intraperitoneally mouse with hyperattenuated live virus(LMV) and heat-inactivated measles virus (HI-MV) at various times before or after primary and secondary immunization of the mouse with sheep red blood cells (SRBC). The in vivo immune response were measured by rosette formation in spleen cells, blast-transformation in peripheral blood, footpad swelling induced by SRBC, hemagglutinin and hemolysin responses to SRBC. The in vitro immune responses were measured by both rosette formation and blast-transformation in cultured spleen cells in the presence of phytohemagglutinin(PHA).
When the virus was inoculated on 2 hours before sensitization of mouse with SRBC(Group I), or when the virus was inoculated to mouse received primary immunization on 7 days(Group II) or 35 days(Group III) earlier, measles virus produced a marked reduction of rosette formation in each mouse on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 9th postimmunization days.
Measles virus, when the virus was given 2 hours before the primary immunization with SRBC(Group I) or when given to mouse 35 days after the primary immunization with SRBC and 2 hours before the secondary immunization(Group III), caused a significant inhibition of footpad swelling induced by SRBC.
Lymphocyte transformation reaction in peripheral blood in vivo after virus inoculation varied in mouse depending on time of sensitization with SRBC. Group
I had less lymphocyte transformation at 3 days after sensitization than control mouse, whereas the mouse had greater transformation at 5, 7 and 9 days after sensitization with SRBC. Group II had much greater lymphocyte transformation than control throughout experimental period ranged from I day to 9 days after the sensitization. Group III had greater transformation than control at 3 and 5 days after the secondary immunization, with SRBS, whereas the mouse had less transformation than control at 7, 9 and 15 days after the secondary immunization.
Group I showed a significant suppression of hemagglutinin and hemolysin responses to SRBC at 9 days after the immunization.. Group II showed higher hemagglutinin titer than control at 7 and 9 days after the secondary immunization. In hemolysin response on days 5, 7 and 9, in contrast, Group II showed a significant depression on days 5, 7 and 9. Group III showed a pronounced suppression of their hemagglutinin and hemolysin responses 9 and 15 days after the secondary immunization.
The effect of measles virus on the rose´ re formation and blast-transformation in cultured spleen cells in the presence of various concentrations of PHA was investigated to delineate possible mechanism for viral suppression of in vitro cell-mediated immunity. It was found that rosette formation was inhibited by the addition of L-MV in spleen cell cultures 24 hours after the addition of PHA. Splenccyte blast-transformation response to PHA was also inhibited by the addition of L-MV in the cultures at the time of culture.
These studies indicate that the measles virus causes a significant depression of both in vivo and in vitro parameters of cell-mediated immunity and humoral immunity.
The possible role of the modification of cell surface membrane structure, lymphocyte traffic changes, interferon and suppressor T cells in viral suppression of immune responses was discussed.
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KEYWORD
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